Treatment+and+Coping

= __**Treatment & Coping**__ = 

Surgery is most commonly used for non-small cell cancers that are still small and have not spread. Surgery is not usually done for small cell lung cancer unless tumours are found at a very early stage, before the cancer has started to spread.

**Surgery for non–small cell lung cancer can be done in several ways:** ** 1. //Wedge Resection//:** The surgeon removes the tumour and a small part of the lung. **2. //Lobectomy://** The surgeon removes the lobe of the lung containing the tumour. This is the most common surgery for lung cancer. **3. //Pneumonectomy://** The surgeon removes the entire lung. You will be able to breathe with your remaining lung. 

**Other common treatments:** **1. //Chemotherapy//**(also called chemo): Uses drugs to destroy cancer cells. Some chemotherapy drugs are given on their own, but mostly several chemotherapy drugs are given together. - Chemotherapy can also be given with other drug treatments - There are many different kinds of chemotherapy and combinations of chemotherapy drugs used to treat over 200 different types of cancer. - Every person’s body reacts to the drugs differently. - Some kinds of chemotherapy come in pills. Other kinds are delivered into your bloodstream by intravenous drip (IV), where a machine slowly drips medicine into tubes that go into your veins. Some chemotherapy is given by injection

 **2. //Radiation://** T he use of a certain type of energy (radiation) from x-rays, gamma rays, electrons and other sources to destroy cancer cells. - Other names: radio therapy, x-ray therapy, irradiation. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Radiation in high doses destroys cells in the area being treated by damaging the DNA in their genes, making it impossible for them to grow and divide. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- During radiation therapy, cancer cells and healthy cells are affected, but most healthy cells can repair themselves afterwards. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Different types of radiation therapy: <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. External beam radiation therapy <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Brachytherapy <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Systematic radiation therapy

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**3. //Hormonal Drug Therapy://** Hormones are chemicals made naturally in the body or artificially in a laboratory. They travel in the blood and control the activity or growth of certain cells.- Targets cancer cells with specific hormones <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Hormonal drug therapy is often combined with other cancer treatments.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**4. //Biological Therapy//:** Finds and destroys specific cancer cells using the immune system.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**5. //Targeted Therapy//:** Uses drugs to target specific molecules that help cancer cell growth. These drugs stop the growth and the spread of cancer cells but don’t damage as many normal cells. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Targeted therapies use many different types of drugs. Each drug works differently: <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors block certain proteins that are involved in cancer cell growth. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Apoptosis-inducing drugs help destroy cancer cells. These drugs can help chemotherapy work better. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Hormonal drug therapy. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">4. Biological therapy.

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Symptoms:** <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. A cough that doesn’t go away and gets worse over time <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Chest pain that doesn’t go away <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Coughing up blood <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">4. Feeling short of breath <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">5. Wheezing <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">6. Losing your voice <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">7. Getting sick with pneumonia and bronchitis a lot <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">8. Swollen neck and face <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">9. Loss of appetite <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">10. Rapid weight loss <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">11. Feeling tired

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Side Effects:** <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Side effects can happen any time during treatment. Some may happen quickly and others may appear a few days later or may not start until after you’ve been in treatment for a while. Most side effects go away after treatment is over, but others may take longer to go away or may be permanent.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**//Chemotherapy side effects://** <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. Vomiting <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Nausea <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Hair loss <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">4. Mouth sores <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">5. Fatigue

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**Radiation Therapy side effects:**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. Nausea and vomiting <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Hair loss <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Difficulty swallowing <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">4. Dry, sore throat <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">5. Fatigue <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">6. Skin changes at site of treatment <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">7. Loss of appetite <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">8. Head aches

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**After Treatment:** <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Completing treatment often causes strong emotions like relief, joy, fear, uncertainty and others. Not everyone will have difficulties after their treatment finishes. But for many people, moving on isn’t easy. Knowing what to expect after treatment can help.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**What to do after treatment is over?**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">1. Keep all healthcare providers informed about cancer history <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">2. Follow-up care <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3. Be in control of your health (emotionally, physically, mentally)

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Coping With Cancer** <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Living with cancer describes all the people whose lives are directly affected by a cancer diagnosis: the person with cancer, caregivers, and the people who live with them or are a close part of their lives.

<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">When everything feels like it’s just too much, remember that everyone living with cancer deals with cancer in their own way. There are ways you can cope <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**Ways of coping**//

//<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**1. Exercise:** // <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Helps reduce stress and improves mood <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Boosts energy <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Reduces side effects <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Helps with sleep patterns <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Helps to regain strength during recovery <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**2. Eating Well:**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Improves nutrients <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Weight gain <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Fills body with protein and calories <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Reduces side effects <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**3. Managing Stress:**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Let yourself have a good cry <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Hit or throw a pillow <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Put on some loud music and scream <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Write down your fears and worries <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Watch a funny movie or TV show <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Enjoy amusing things children or pets do <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Laugh <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Draw or paint <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Write poetry or stories <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Sing or make music <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Dance <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Talk to your health care team <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**4. Sexuality:**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Express concerns or fears to open new gateways in relationships <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Counselling in the areas of sex <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Increases pleasure sensitivity <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Releases positive hormones <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//**5. Counselling/ future planning:**// <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Grief <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- End-of-life care <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">- Cancer care planning

Although there is multiple treatments and ways for coping we need to her ahead of the problem and look at harm reduction.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Page Created By: Caitlin Stewart